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<title>Brontispa longissima</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><i>Brontispa longissima</i></span>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><i>Brontispa longissima</i>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a>

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<td>Kingdom:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="regnum"><a href="Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></div>

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<td>Phylum:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="phylum"><a href="Arthropoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthropoda">Arthropoda</a></div>

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<td>Class:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="classis"><a href="Insecta" class="mw-redirect" title="Insecta">Insecta</a></div>

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<td>Order:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="ordo"><a href="Coleoptera" class="mw-redirect" title="Coleoptera">Coleoptera</a></div>

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<td>Family:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="familia"><a href="Chrysomelidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysomelidae">Chrysomelidae</a></div>

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<td>Subfamily:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="subfamilia"><a href="Cassidinae" title="Cassidinae">Cassidinae</a></div>

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<td>Genus:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="genus"><i>Brontispa</i></div>

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<td>Species:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>B. longissima</b></i></div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><i>Brontispa longissima</i></span></b><br><div style="font-size: 85%;">(Gestro, 1885)</div>

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<p><i><b>Brontispa longissima</b></i> (known as the <b>coconut leaf beetle</b>, the <b>two-coloured coconut leaf beetle</b>, or the <b>coconut hispine beetle</b>) is a <a href="Leaf_beetle" title="Leaf beetle">leaf beetle</a> that feeds on young <a href="Leaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Leaves">leaves</a> and damages <a href="Seedlings" class="mw-redirect" title="Seedlings">seedlings</a> and mature <a href="Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a> <a href="Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palms</a>. It has become an increasingly serious pest of coconuts throughout various growing regions in the Pacific, especially over the last 3 decades,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, <a href="Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, <a href="Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a>, <a href="Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, <a href="Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a>, <a href="Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, <a href="Hainan_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Hainan Island">Hainan Island</a>, and <a href="Aru_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Aru Islands">Aru Islands</a>, and most recently, the <a href="Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>.

</p><p>In Japan, the occurrence of <i>Brontispa longissima</i> was first reported on Okinawa Island in 1978. The species spread to other islands of Okinawa Prefecture. Ishigaki Island in 1982, and Miyako, Iriomote and Yonaguni Islands in 1984. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On September 27, 2007, Philippines' <a href="Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> and 26 <a href="Provinces" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces">provinces</a> were <a href="Quarantined" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarantined">quarantined</a> due to having been infested with this <a href="Pest_(organism)" title="Pest (organism)">pest</a> (to save the $800-million Philippine coconut <a href="Industry_(economics)" title="Industry (economics)">industry</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Control measures include <a href="Pesticide" title="Pesticide">pesticides</a>, and <a href="Biological_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological control">biological control</a> agents such as <a href="Parasitic_wasp" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasitic wasp">parasitic wasps</a> (e.g., <i>Asecodes hispinarum</i>).

</p><p>There is a similar-looking pest species of leaf beetle in a related genus, <i>Plesispa reichei</i>, also sometimes referred to as the "coconut leaf beetle", which is distinguished only with some difficulty from <i>B. longissima</i>; primarily by its slightly broader body and stronger punctation.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013031817/http://aseanipm.da.gov.ph/brontispa.htm">ASEAN IPM Fact Sheet</a></li></ul>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFJones1995" class="citation book cs1">Jones, David L. (1995). <i>Palms throughout the World</i>. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 82. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-56098-616-6</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TAKANO, S.-i., TAKASU, K., FUSHIMI, T., ICHIKI, R.T. and NAKAMURA, S. (2012), Life history traits and damage potential of an invasive pest Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Satakentia liukiuensis. Entomological Science, 15: 238-245. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2011.00506.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2011.00506.x</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012185211/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view_article.php?article_id=91109">"Inquirer.net, Beetles infest coconuts in Manila, 26 provinces"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view_article.php?article_id=91109">the original</a> on 2007-10-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-22</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pestnet.org/Summaries/Crops/Plantationcrops/Coconutoilpalm/Insects/Brontispasp/tabid/1535/Default.aspx">"Crops > Plantation crops > Coconut & oil palm > Insects > Brontispa > Brontispa sp., Maldives"</a>. March 2021.</cite></span>

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<ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1442017" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q1442017">Q1442017</a></span></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Brontispa_longissima">Brontispa_longissima</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id571703">571703</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/BRONLO">BRONLO</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/519434">519434</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11178571">11178571</a></span></span></li>

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